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Citizenship in a nutshell
Italian citizenship may be recognised to a resident of Australia having either: a first- or second-degree ascendant who possesses, or possessed at the time of death, exclusively Italian citizenship; a parent or adoptive parent has been resident in Italy for at least two consecutive years after acquiring Italian citizenship and before the date of birth or adoption of the child.

Fabio Panarese


Condominiums Ordinary and Extraordinary Maintenance Works
Condominiums Ordinary and Extraordinary Maintenance Works It may happen that a person living in Australia has inherited a home in Italy. Italian homes are generally located in a condominium. Each condominium member is required to contribute to the maintenance costs of the shared facilities (e.g., courtyard, stairs, elevator). The maintenance of these common parts is important to ensure the safety, comfort, and proper functioning of the building. They are divided into two main

Antonio Campa


Condominium Fees
Condominium Fees Partition More and more people living in Australia own a home in Italy, either because they bought it or inherited it. As is well known, unlike Australia, most homes are located in condominiums. Therefore, the owner will have to address the issue of condominium fees and their distribution among all owners. In Italy, the distribution of condominium fees is often a source of dispute among condominium owners, although the law provides three clear criteria to be

Antonio Campa


Temporary Lease
Short term rent agreement

Antonio Campa


Italian Tax Code for Australian citizens
How an Australian Citizen Can Obtain an Italian Tax Code Introduction It often happens that an Australian citizen living in Australia may receive an inheritance from Italy. To transfer ownership of inherited assets, certain tax-related procedures must be completed. To do this, an Italian tax code is required. Let's see what a tax code is, what it's used for, and how to apply for one from Australia through the Italian Consulates. 1. Inheritance/Succession Declaration When you

Fabio Panarese


Right of access to condominium documents
The right of every condominium owner to inspect and obtain copies of condominium management documents is now a well-established principle: it is not a mere courtesy, but a right recognized by both legislation and case law. This article clearly and thoroughly explains what a condominium owner can request, the limitations that may be placed on their request, and the obligations of the administrator. 1. Essential Regulatory Framework The condominium reform (Law No. 220/2012) c

Fabio Panarese


Dormant Account Fund
It's not uncommon, for someone living in Australia, to find old bank or postal documents, such as a savings book, a bank statement, or a letter from the bank, related to accounts opened in Italy by a deceased parent or other close relatives. It's natural to wonder if that money can still be recovered. Let's look at what you need to know and what to do. What happens if the account isn't used for years In Italy, a bank account, or other financial dealings (such as a deposit,

Antonio Campa


Guardianship requirements
With the 7 November 2025 ruling, the Court of Milan clarified the requirements for guardianship. The case : Tizio filed an application requesting the appointment of a guardian for his mother, Mevia, arguing that she was hospitalized at the nursing home and that she had certain medical conditions, as identified in a 2011 medical-legal report. He requested the appointment of a third party outside the family unit due to disagreements with his sister, Caia. Mevia, through her att

Fabio Panarese


Child Support (Maintenance Payments)
Child Support (Maintenance Payments) - Marriages between Italian and Australian citizens are very common, and unfortunately, separation and divorce are also common. It is therefore very common to have to determine which law applies to marriages between citizens of different countries. It is possible that one spouse lives in Australia and the other in Italy, and the divorce proceedings are initiated in Australia. Even if the divorce proceedings are pending before the Australia

Fabio Panarese


Italian Tax Code (Codice Fiscale) for Italians not registered with AIRE.
Cases of Italian citizens residing in Australia, who are the beneficiaries of an inheritance in Italy, are increasingly frequent. In order to transfer the property into their name, the Italian citizen residing in Australia must have an Italian tax code. This is a very simple procedure for those citizens registered with AIRE (Registry of Italians Resident Abroad). However, not all Italian citizens residing in Australia are registered with AIRE. Let's see what the requirements

Antonio Campa


Testamentary Trust Italian Tax Code (Codice Fiscale)
Testamentary Trust Italian Tax Code (Codice Fiscale) Under the Australian legal system it is common practice to establish a testamentary trust to manage the testator's assets after their death. Since under the Italian law there is no law governing trusts, a coordination issue arises between the two legal systems, the Italian and Australian. The first of these issues concerns the requirement for an Italian tax code issued in the name of the trust/trustee, which is essential fo

Antonio Campa


Condominium meetings call procedure.
Condominium meetings call procedure.

Fabio Panarese


Forced heirs - Legittimari
The Case It may happen that a person living in Italy left a holographic will excluding from the inheritance one of the children living in Australia. Let's have a look at which law shall apply to such succession and what the rules are with respect to the rights of a child residing in Australia. 1. The applicable law. The first step would be to determine which law shall apply to the deceased succession: whether the testator's (Italian) law or that of the place of residence of

Antonio Campa


Balconies renovation costs partition
Many Australians own homes in Italy, either because inhedited from a family member or relative, or because they have purchased. Many of these homes are located in condominiums. Therefore, owners often are faced with face condominium-related issues, such as renovations or damages. One of these issues concerns the partition of costs for balcony renovations. Here is a recent ruling that clarified some aspects of the partition of costs for balcony safety. The recent decision of t

Fabio Panarese


Siblings Inheritance Tax Assessment for Australian Residents
It is increasingly common, for a person resident in Australia, to inherit assets located in Italy from either a brother or sister who died in Italy. Let's see what tax requirements an Australian-resident must comply with according to the Italian Law to acquire the ownership of the inherited assets. According to Italian law, the first step is to file the succession declaration; this is a tax document disclosing to the Government the value of the inherited assets. By lodging th

Antonio Campa


The release of funds of joint postal savings accounts - Beneficiaries’ independent right to collect shares
If you’re an Australian heir to an Italian joint postal savings account, you no longer risk being stuck in limbo—the survivor can access their share right away, and you can claim yours separately without waiting for everyone else.

Fabio Panarese


The Tax Code
Introduction The tax code is the Italian equivalent of the Australian Tax File Number. It is used to identify an individual, whether a natural person or a legal entity, intending to conduct a business with tax implications. The tax code is also required in several cases for citizens residing in Australia. One of the most frequent cases is when an Australian resident inherits property located in Italy. If so, in order to claim the assets, the heir residing in Australia shall p

Antonio Campa


Apostille and International Document Legitimacy: A Guide for Australian Heirs for authenticity certification.
The Apostille It may happen that a person living in Perth, who owns a property in Italy, dies leaving a will drawn up in Australia. In order to obtain ownership of the property, the beneficiaries of the deceased estate shall enforce the Australian will in Italy. Let's see what the heirs residing in Perth shall do to enforce in Italy a will executed in Australia. According to Italian law, either for a public deed, a certificate, or a judicial document issued abroad, for exampl

Antonio Campa


Power of Attorney Notarization
Power of Attorney Formal Requirements. We know that a power of attorney is a document that allows a person to delegate someone to perform an activity in lieu of them and on their behalf. A Power of attorney is widely used among Australian citizens who need to manage their affairs in Italy, such as a sale, a gift, or the distribution of an inheritance. Let's look at the main formal requirements provided by Italian law along with the basic rules that an Australian notary must c

Fabio Panarese


Intestacy deceased estate. Survivor's rights.
What the Italian law provides in case of intestacy and what are the rights of those survivors residing in Australia.

Antonio Campa

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